Glossary photo
1. Aberration
The inability of a lens to produce a perfectly clear, especially in the vicinity of its outer part. These alterations can be reduced by using aspherical lens or shooting in low opening (thereby raising the rays coming from the central area of the lens).
2. Anamorphic, lens
Anamorphic lenses differ from the others for their ability to compress camera angles very large in a frame standard.
3. ASA
An acronym for American Standards Association in the past indicated the sensitivity of the films. Today the term has been replaced by that of ISO.
4. Aspherical lens
Aspherical lenses have a curved surface and not perfectly spherical, which serves to reduce chromatic aberration and are distinguished by their compact size.
5. AWB
Acronym that indicates the automatic white balance settings on a digital camera (Automatic White Balance).
6. B & W
Short for Monochrome (Black and White)
7. White Balance
Consists in 'add the opposite color to that dominant in the scene to cancel it and get a white neutral as possible, so temperatures tend to be red in color, add the camera to balance the blue and vice versa
8. Bracketing
The bracketing technique is to take a number of photographs and shot the same subject using different levels of openness, exposure time and ISO to get the correct image exposure. This technique was used very frequently in traditional photography (film).
9. Composition
The composition, a key element of professional photography is the art of arranging the elements of a shot so otimale.
10. Interlacing and progressive CCD
Interlacing is a scanning technique which provides for the division of scan lines in two parts, called fields or semiquadri, divided into even and odd. E 'useful to reduce the bandwidth occupied but proxy u slight delay between updates of the lines, which causes distortion or "jagged", because only half of the lines moves with the image, while the other half is waiting to be date. This technique is a widely used and is expected in the new TV standards, such as DV, DVB (including extensions to high-definition). All the camcorders that use traditional CCD sensors, using the technique of interfacing. Professional models provide instead a progressive CCD sensor that, being able to take advantage of a wide bandwidth, does not have to interlace images, with better results in terms of image sharpness.
11. Hyperfocal, distance
The distance between the camera and point Hyperfocal
12. Hyperfocal point
The closest point the camera considered acceptably sharp when the lens is focused to infinity. When it focuses on the hyperfocal point, the depth of field extends over a distance that ranges from half the distance between the camera and the hyperfocal point and infinity.
13. ISO
Acronym for International Standards Organization. Represents the scale of values that identify the sensitivity of the film (digital photography) or sensor (digital photography). The ISO name now replaces that of ASA (using a scale identical).
14. Manual Focus
The manual focus capabilities disability automated focus of modern cameras, so that adjustments are made by hand. THE manual focus is used in macro photography in low light situations or for certain special effects.
15. Shutter speed
Represents the time in which the shutter remains open, determining the exposure of a photograph. Higher speed and lower the exposure. The exposure time values are given in fractions of a second. Each value has a duration of half compared to the previous one, according to a constant scale (eg 1/1000, 1/500, 1/250, 1/125, 1/60, 1/30 etc.)
