Glossary photo
1. Aberration
The inability of a lens to produce a perfectly sharp, especially near its outer part. These alterations can be reduced by using aspherical lens or shooting in low opening (so collecting the rays coming from the central area of the lens).
2. Anamorphic lens
The anamorphic lens differ from the others by their ability to compress very large angles in a box standard.
3. ASA
An acronym for American Standards Association in the past indicated the sensitivity of the films. Today the term has been replaced by that of ISO.
4. Aspherical lens
Aspherical lenses have a curved surface is not perfectly spherical, and which serves to reduce chromatic aberration and are distinguished by their compact size.
5. AWB
Acronym that indicates the automatic white balance settings on a digital camera (Automatic White Balance).
6. B & W
Short for Monochrome (Black and White)
7. White Balance
It consists in the 'add color opposite to the dominant one in the scene to cancel it and get a white neutral as possible, so with temperatures of reddish color, the camera will add to balance the blue and vice versa
8. Bracketing
The bracketing technique is to take a number of photographs and shot the same subject using different levels of openness, exposure time and ISO to get the correct image exposure. This technique was used very frequently in traditional photography (film).
9. Composition
The composition, one of the cornerstones of professional photography is the art of arranging the elements of a frame so otimale.
10. Interlacing and progressive CCD
Interlacing is a scanning technique that provides for the division of scan lines in two parts, called fields or Half frame, divided into even and odd. It 'good to reduce the bandwidth occupied but brings u slight delay between updates of the lines, which causes a distortion or "jagged", because only half the lines move with the image, while the other half is waiting to be to date. This technique is a widely used and is expected in the new TV standards, such as DV, DVB (including extensions to high-definition). All the camcorders that use traditional CCD sensors, using the technique of interfacing. Professional models provide a rather progressive CCD sensor, being able to take advantage of a wide bandwidth, should not interlace images, with better results in terms of image sharpness.
11. Hyperfocal distance
The distance between the camera and the point Hyperfocal
12. Hyperfocal point
The closest point to the camera considered acceptably sharp when the lens is focused to infinity. When you focus on the hyperfocal point, depth of field extends over a distance ranging from half the distance between the camera and the hyperfocal point to infinity.
13. ISO
Acronym for International Standards Organization. Represents the scale of values that identify the sensitivity of the film (digital photography) or sensor (digital photography). The ISO name now replaces that of ASA (using the same scale).
14. Manual Focus
The automated features manual focus disability focus of modern cameras, so that adjustments are made by hand. THE manual focus is used in macro photography in low light situations or for certain special effects.
15. Shutter, speed
This is the time in which the shutter stays open causing the exposure of a photograph. The higher speed and lower the exposure. The exposure time values are given in fractions of a second. Each value has a duration of half compared to the previous one, according to a scale constant (eg 1 / 1000, 1 / 500, 1 / 250, 1 / 125, 1 / 60, 1 / 30 etc.)
